vfs: make lchown update symlink metadata

[trivikr]

Fixes: #64572

This PR fixes VFS lchown() handling so ownership changes apply
to the symbolic link itself instead of following the link and modifying
its target.

It routes synchronous and asynchronous lchown operations through
dedicated VFS and provider handling, adds memory-provider support
that does not follow the final symlink, and preserves fallback behavior
for providers that do not override lchownSync().

---

Assisted-by: openai:gpt-5.5

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 92.30769% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 90.23%. Comparing base (b8f81e9) to head (130b7b1).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
lib/internal/vfs/provider.js	83.33%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #64573      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   90.25%   90.23%   -0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         739      739              
  Lines      241772   241796      +24     
  Branches    45571    45577       +6     
==========================================
- Hits       218204   218174      -30     
- Misses      15109    15157      +48     
- Partials     8459     8465       +6     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/vfs/file_system.js	99.60% <100.00%> (+0.23%)	⬆️
lib/internal/vfs/providers/memory.js	95.06% <100.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️
lib/internal/vfs/setup.js	87.69% <100.00%> (ø)
lib/internal/vfs/provider.js	98.09% <83.33%> (-0.29%)	⬇️

... and 21 files with indirect coverage changes

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.