migrate time_slave detailed design to doxygen

[ryan-steel]

Description

Migrates the detailed design docs to doxygen to match process description guidelines which state that detailed design documentation belongs in code rather than separate design artifacts.

Related ticket

Part of #88

[github-actions]

License Check Results

🚀 The license check job ran with the Bazel command:

bazel run //:license-check

Status: ⚠️ Needs Review

Click to expand output

[License Check Output]
Extracting Bazel installation...
Starting local Bazel server (8.6.0) and connecting to it...
INFO: Invocation ID: 6e0a6355-d8e9-4ee8-b5a2-69f705ca29ad
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
WARNING: For repository 'platforms', the root module requires module version platforms@1.0.0, but got platforms@1.1.0 in the resolved dependency graph. Please update the version in your MODULE.bazel or set --check_direct_dependencies=off
WARNING: For repository 'score_platform', the root module requires module version score_platform@0.7.1, but got score_platform@0.7.2 in the resolved dependency graph. Please update the version in your MODULE.bazel or set --check_direct_dependencies=off
WARNING: For repository 'rules_oci', the root module requires module version rules_oci@2.2.7, but got rules_oci@2.3.0 in the resolved dependency graph. Please update the version in your MODULE.bazel or set --check_direct_dependencies=off
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Computing main repo mapping: 
Loading: 
Loading: 3 packages loaded
WARNING: Target pattern parsing failed.
ERROR: Skipping '//:license-check': no such target '//:license-check': target 'license-check' not declared in package '' defined by /home/runner/work/time/time/BUILD
ERROR: no such target '//:license-check': target 'license-check' not declared in package '' defined by /home/runner/work/time/time/BUILD
INFO: Elapsed time: 14.711s
INFO: 0 processes.
ERROR: Build did NOT complete successfully
ERROR: Build failed. Not running target

[BjoernAtBosch]

LGTM

[BjoernAtBosch]

Still LGTM

[NEOatNHNG]

Content reviewed by team.