Inline disk cleanup script to replace third-party GitHub Action in CI #14803

Is your feature request related to a problem or challenge?

Our CI runner is running short in disk space and caused some test to fail, #14745 is trying to fix with it with a third-party Github Action to delete unused files on the CI runner.

However, it not might be safe to use the third-party action (origin comment from @alamb
#14745 (comment))
A better approach would be to first review the script and identify the deletions that are safe (with confidence). Then, inline those deletions into our in-house disk cleaning script.

The change can be tested by pushing the modified CI script to a cloned repository of datafusion's main branch, where the extended CI will be automatically triggered.

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Additional context

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